Thema Arbeit und Beschäftigung

Parental Leave Policy and Long-run Earnings of Mothers

Paid parental leave schemes have been shown to increase women’s employment rates but to decrease their wages in case of extended leave duration. In view of these potential trade-offs, many countries are discussing the optimal design of parental leave policies. We analyze the impact of a major parental leave reform on mothers’ long-term earnings. The 2007 German parental leave reform replaced a means-tested ...

The Effects of an Increase in the Retirement Age on Health Care Costs: Evidence from Administrative Data

In this paper, we use unique health record data that cover outpatient care and the associated costs to quantify the health care costs of a sizable increase in the retirement age in Germany. For the identification, we exploit a sizable cohort-specific pension reform which abolished an early retirement program for all women born after 1951. Our results show that health care costs significantly increase ...

Income Growth in the United Kingdom during Late Career and after Retirement: Growing Inequalities after Deindustrialisation, Educational Expansion and Development of the Knowledge-based Economy

This article shows how late-life incomes from work and pensions evolved in the United Kingdom between 1991 and 2007, the year the Great Recession began. Our main contribution comes from focusing on changes across cohorts in different educational groups while also considering the gender divide. Our statistical analyses based on the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) suggest that deindustrialisation, ...

Overcoming Barriers to Service Access: Refugees’ Professional Support Service Utilization and the Impact of Human and Social Capital

After arriving in a new country, refugees are typically dependent on professional support to re-establish their livelihood. However, it is well documented that refugees face barriers when seeking access to services aimed at facilitating their settlement. This study examines refugees’ support service needs, their actual utilization, and investigates the impact of social and human capital on service ...

Drivers of Participation Elasticities across Europe: Gender or Earner Role within the Household?

We compute participation tax rates across the EU and find that work disincentives inherent in tax–benefit systems largely depend on household composition and the individual’s earner role within the household. We then estimate participation elasticities using an IV group estimator that enables us to investigate the responsiveness of individuals to work incentives. We contribute to the literature on ...

Migration and Dynamics in Men’s and Women’s Domestic Work

International migration of couples is rising. Still, there is little evidence on men’sand women’s domestic work hours before and after migration. This is despite thefact that domestic work provides deep insights into family life and, for migrants, isdirectly linked to integration. Therefore, this study examines how immigrant menand women change their domestic work hours following migration, using datafrom ...

Arbeitslosigkeit der Eltern von Grundschulkindern beeinträchtigt deren Bildungserfolg nachhaltig

Wenn Eltern arbeitslos werden, hat das in mehrerlei Hinsicht Konsequenzen – nicht nur für sie selbst, sondern auch für ihr Umfeld. Dieser Bericht geht auf Basis von Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) der Frage nach, welchen Einfluss die Arbeitslosigkeit von Eltern in der Grundschulphase ihrer Kinder auf deren Bildungsergebnisse hat. Dafür werden Bildungsverläufe von Kindern, von denen ein ...

Arbeitslosigkeit der Eltern ist für Kinder im Grundschulalter besonders schädlich: Interview

Homeoffice erleichtert den Einstieg in den Aktienmarkt

Das Jahr 2020 war durch eine sprunghafte Zunahme der Teilnahme von Privatpersonen am Aktienmarkt gekennzeichnet. Parallel waren auch deutlich mehr Erwerbstätige im Homeoffice. Tatsächlich ist die Nutzung von Homeoffice eine robuste Bestimmungsgröße für Aktienbesitz und erklärt einen Teil des Anstiegs im Jahr 2020. Vom Homeoffice profitieren in dieser Hinsicht vor allem Personen ohne Kinder im Haushalt. ...

Homeoffice und flexiblere Zeitverwendung machen Einstieg in den Aktienmarkt attraktiver: Interview